Author(s): Nagwa T Elsharawy and Seham M Khan

Abstract:
Bodybuilding is a discipline focused on maximizing muscle hypertrophy, enhancing strength, and reducing body fat levels through the combination of resistance training, recovery, and targeted nutritional strategies. Traditionally, bodybuilding diets have been omnivorous, emphasizing high-quality animal proteins to promote muscle protein synthesis and provide essential micronutrients. Recently, however, an increasing number of athletes have adopted vegetarian diets, driven by ethical concerns, environmental sustainability, or health-related motivations. This review compares the differences between omnivorous and vegetarian bodybuilding diets in terms of macronutrient and micronutrient profiles, supplementation requirements, training outcomes, and overall health implications. Evidence suggests that both diet types can support successful bodybuilding, provided that total energy and protein needs are met. Nevertheless, the two approaches differ in protein quality, micronutrient adequacy, supplementation strategies, and long-term health considerations. The review also explores practical implications for athletes, emphasizing the importance of individualized, well-planned nutrition.

Pages: 221-226  |  123 Views  105 Downloads