Background: The development of university sports represents a long-term lever for athletic performance in Benin, yet data on the morphological and physical characteristics of young athletes in this context remain scarce. Handball requires specific physical attributes to reach high-performance levels.

Objective: This study aims to examine the relationships between anthropometric profiles and physical capacities among male and female handball players participating in the 2023 national phase of the Benin University Games.

Methods: A comparative cross-sectional study was conducted among 44 men and 45 women from nine teams. Anthropometric measurements included body mass, height, wingspan, and hand span. Physical capacities were assessed using the Sargent jump test, the medicine-ball throw, the 20-m sprint, and the T-test agility.

Results: Among women, the T-test agility showed a moderate correlation with hand span (r = 0.328). Among men, height was strongly correlated with medicine-ball throw performance (r = 0.676) and moderately correlated with the Sargent jump test (r = 0.368).